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#2
书生牛犊2016-09-13 19:41
由于篇幅缘故,现将我所模仿的那个.h文件粘贴如下:
![]() /* * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B. * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the * copyright and warranty notices given in that book: * * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo." * * * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book, * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the * use of the information or programs contained herein." * * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following * address: * * Pearson Education, Inc. * Rights and Permissions Department * One Lake Street * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 * Fax: (201) 236-3290 */ /* This file defines the Sales_item class used in chapter 1. * The code used in this file will be explained in * Chapter 7 (Classes) and Chapter 14 (Overloaded Operators) * Readers shouldn't try to understand the code in this file * until they have read those chapters. */ #ifndef SALESITEM_H // we're here only if SALESITEM_H has not yet been defined #define SALESITEM_H // Definition of Sales_item class and related functions goes here #include <iostream> #include <string> class Sales_item { // these declarations are explained section 7.2.1, p. 270 // and in chapter 14, pages 557, 558, 561 friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream&, Sales_item&); friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream&, const Sales_item&); friend bool operator<(const Sales_item&, const Sales_item&); friend bool operator==(const Sales_item&, const Sales_item&); public: // constructors are explained in section 7.1.4, pages 262 - 265 // default constructor needed to initialize members of built-in type Sales_item() = default; Sales_item(const std::string &book): bookNo(book) { } Sales_item(std::istream &is) { is >> *this; } public: // operations on Sales_item objects // member binary operator: left-hand operand bound to implicit this pointer Sales_item& operator+=(const Sales_item&); // operations on Sales_item objects std::string isbn() const { return bookNo; } double avg_price() const; // private members as before private: std::string bookNo; // implicitly initialized to the empty string unsigned units_sold = 0; // explicitly initialized double revenue = 0.0; }; // used in chapter 10 inline bool compareIsbn(const Sales_item &lhs, const Sales_item &rhs) { return lhs.isbn() == rhs.isbn(); } // nonmember binary operator: must declare a parameter for each operand Sales_item operator+(const Sales_item&, const Sales_item&); inline bool operator==(const Sales_item &lhs, const Sales_item &rhs) { // must be made a friend of Sales_item return lhs.units_sold == rhs.units_sold && lhs.revenue == rhs.revenue && lhs.isbn() == rhs.isbn(); } inline bool operator!=(const Sales_item &lhs, const Sales_item &rhs) { return !(lhs == rhs); // != defined in terms of operator== } // assumes that both objects refer to the same ISBN Sales_item& Sales_item::operator+=(const Sales_item& rhs) { units_sold += rhs.units_sold; revenue += rhs.revenue; return *this; } // assumes that both objects refer to the same ISBN Sales_item operator+(const Sales_item& lhs, const Sales_item& rhs) { Sales_item ret(lhs); // copy (|lhs|) into a local object that we'll return ret += rhs; // add in the contents of (|rhs|) return ret; // return (|ret|) by value } std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in, Sales_item& s) { double price; in >> s.bookNo >> s.units_sold >> price; // check that the inputs succeeded if (in) s.revenue = s.units_sold * price; else s = Sales_item(); // input failed: reset object to default state return in; } std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const Sales_item& s) { out << s.isbn() << " " << s.units_sold << " " << s.revenue << " " << s.avg_price(); return out; } double Sales_item::avg_price() const { if (units_sold) return revenue/units_sold; else return 0; } #endif |

/====sales.h
#ifndef SALES_H
#define SALES_H
#include <iostream>
class Sales
{
friend std::istream& operator >>(std::istream&,Sales&);
friend std::ostream& operator <<(std::ostream&,Sales&);
friend bool operator< (const Sales&, const Sales&);
friend bool operator== (const Sales&, const Sales&);
public:
Sales& operator+=(const Sales&);
Sales(const std::string &book): ISBN(book) { }
Sales(std::istream &is) { is >> *this; }
Sales()=default;
double Avg_price()const{if(Number)return Price/Number;else return 0;}
std::string isbn() const { return ISBN; }
private:
std::string ISBN;
int Number=0;
double Price=0.0;
};
inline bool compareIsbn (const Sales& a,const Sales& b){
return a.isbn() == b.isbn();
}
inline bool operator< (const Sales& a, const Sales& b){
return (a.Price < b.Price);
}
inline bool operator == (const Sales& a, const Sales& b){//这里是我写的operator函数,基本上是照抄C++ Primer 第五版给出的代码
return compareIsbn(a,b);
}
inline bool operator != (const Sales& a, const Sales& b){
return !(a==b);
}
#endif // SALES_H
#ifndef SALES_H
#define SALES_H
#include <iostream>
class Sales
{
friend std::istream& operator >>(std::istream&,Sales&);
friend std::ostream& operator <<(std::ostream&,Sales&);
friend bool operator< (const Sales&, const Sales&);
friend bool operator== (const Sales&, const Sales&);
public:
Sales& operator+=(const Sales&);
Sales(const std::string &book): ISBN(book) { }
Sales(std::istream &is) { is >> *this; }
Sales()=default;
double Avg_price()const{if(Number)return Price/Number;else return 0;}
std::string isbn() const { return ISBN; }
private:
std::string ISBN;
int Number=0;
double Price=0.0;
};
inline bool compareIsbn (const Sales& a,const Sales& b){
return a.isbn() == b.isbn();
}
inline bool operator< (const Sales& a, const Sales& b){
return (a.Price < b.Price);
}
inline bool operator == (const Sales& a, const Sales& b){//这里是我写的operator函数,基本上是照抄C++ Primer 第五版给出的代码
return compareIsbn(a,b);
}
inline bool operator != (const Sales& a, const Sales& b){
return !(a==b);
}
#endif // SALES_H

//-------main.cpp
#include <iostream>
//using namespace std;
#include"sales.h"
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
Sales *Head=new Sales[20];
int n=0;
while(std::cin >> Head[n++]){
// std::cout <<"{"<< *Head<<"} \n";
}
for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
for(int j=i+1;j<n;j++){
while(Head[i]==Head[j]){ //程序崩溃的时候运行到这里,说是找不到能用的operator==函数
Head[i]+=Head[j];
Head[j]=Head[--n];}
}
}
return 0;
}
#include <iostream>
//using namespace std;
#include"sales.h"
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
Sales *Head=new Sales[20];
int n=0;
while(std::cin >> Head[n++]){
// std::cout <<"{"<< *Head<<"} \n";
}
for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
for(int j=i+1;j<n;j++){
while(Head[i]==Head[j]){ //程序崩溃的时候运行到这里,说是找不到能用的operator==函数
Head[i]+=Head[j];
Head[j]=Head[--n];}
}
}
return 0;
}

//------sales.cpp 不过貌似和我所遇到的问题没关系,可以不看
#include <iostream>
#include "sales.h"
Sales& Sales::operator +=(const Sales& s){
Number+=s.Number;
Price+=s.Price;
return *this;
}
Sales operator +(const Sales&a,const Sales& b){
Sales temp(a);
temp+=b;
return temp;
}
std::istream& operator >>(std::istream&in,Sales&s){
double price;
in>>s.ISBN>>s.Number>>price;
if(in)s.Price+=price*s.Number;
else s=Sales();//reset object to default state
return in;
}
std::ostream& operator <<(std::ostream&out,Sales&s){
out<<s.ISBN<<" "<<s.Number<<" "<<s.Price
<<" "<<s.Avg_price();
return out;
}
#include <iostream>
#include "sales.h"
Sales& Sales::operator +=(const Sales& s){
Number+=s.Number;
Price+=s.Price;
return *this;
}
Sales operator +(const Sales&a,const Sales& b){
Sales temp(a);
temp+=b;
return temp;
}
std::istream& operator >>(std::istream&in,Sales&s){
double price;
in>>s.ISBN>>s.Number>>price;
if(in)s.Price+=price*s.Number;
else s=Sales();//reset object to default state
return in;
}
std::ostream& operator <<(std::ostream&out,Sales&s){
out<<s.ISBN<<" "<<s.Number<<" "<<s.Price
<<" "<<s.Avg_price();
return out;
}
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我检查过几遍Sales operator==部分的代码,和我从官网下载下来的代码包的示例代码基本一致。(除了class的名字以及比较的条件)。
从程序报出的ERROR来看,他是没找到这个重载函数,然后我注意到这里程序要的是operator==(Sales const&,Sales const&)而我所定义的是operator==(const Sales&,const Sales&);是不是这个const放置前后不一致引起的?如果是,应该怎么修改?